
Preheat oven to 350°F. Line baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt.
In a large bowl, beat butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Add egg, lime zest, lime juice, and vanilla; mix well.
Gradually mix in the dry ingredients until just combined.
Scoop tablespoon-sized portions of dough and roll into balls. Place on prepared sheets, spacing about 2 inches apart.
Bake for 10–12 minutes or until edges are lightly golden. Let cool on the sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack.
For the glaze: In a small bowl, whisk powdered sugar with lime juice until smooth. Drizzle over cooled cookies. Sprinkle with lime zest if desired.
Let the glaze set before serving.